Poultry diseases and treatment
Dr. Mujeeb Ather Asst. Director (Pathologist)
Veterinary Biological Research Institute, Hyderabad .
INFECTIOUS BURSAL DISEASE : (GUMBORO DISEASE)
- IT IS AN ACUTE, HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS VIRAL INFECTION OF
YOUNG CHICKENS.
- FIRST RECOGNIZED BY COSGROVE IN 1962 AND WAS REFERRED
TO AS “AVIAN NEPHROSIS”.
- FIRST OUT BREAKS OCCURRED IN THE AREA OF GUMBORO, HENCE
IT IS COMMONLY KNOWN AS GUMBORO DISEASE.
ADVERTISEMENT
ECO-MIX Least Cost Feed Formulation Software for Poultry, Dairy, EMU and any kind of Livestock
Please Contact :
Y.Srinivas - ☏ +91 9849039200
Email : [email protected] www.ecomixonline.com
TRANSMISSION : BY CONTAMINATION
SYMPTOMS:
- THE INCUBATION PERIOD IS VERY SHORT (2-3 DAYS).
- THE AGE MOST SUSCEPTIBLE TO CLINICAL DISEASE IS 3-6 WEEKS
BUT SEVERE CLINICAL INFECTIONS HAVE OCCURRED UPTO 18 WEEKS.
- HIGH MORBIDITY RATE USUALLY CLOSE TO 100%
- MORTALITY BEGINS ON 3 RD DAY POST INFECTION AND WILL
PEAK AND RECED IN A PERIOD OF 5-7 DAYS. ACTUAL MORTALITY
MAY GO AS HIGH AS 60-90%.
- EARLIEST SIGN OF INFECTION IN A FLOCK IS PECKING AT THEIR
OWN VENT.
- WHITISH OR WATERY DIARRHOEA
- SOILED VENT FEATHERS
- ANOREIZ, DEPRESSION.
- RUFFLED FEATHERS.
- TREMBLING, BIRDS MAY VOID BLOOD IN DROPPINGS.
- SEVERE PROSTRATION AND FINALLY DEATH
GROSS LESIONS
- BIRDS ARE DEHYDRATED WITH DARKENED DISCOLOURATION OF
PECTORAL MUSCLES.
- PRESENCE OF HAEMORRHAGES IN THE THIGH AND PECTORAL MUSCLES.
- INCREASED MUCOUS IN THE INTESTINE.
- A) THE BURSA IS THE PRIMARY TARGET ORGAN OF THE VIRUS
- B) BY THE 2 ND OR 3 RD DAY POST INFECTION, THE BURSA
HAS A GELATINOUS YELLOWISH TRANSUDATE, COVERING THE SEROSAL
SURFACE. LONGITUDINAL STRIATIONS ON THE SURFACE BECOME
PROMINENT AND THE NORMAL WHITE COLOUR TURNS TO CREM.
C) ON THE 3 RD DAY POST INFECTION THE BURSA BEGINS TO INCREASE
IN SIZE AND WEIGHT. THE INFECTED BURSAS OFTEN SHOWS NECROTIC
FOCI AND AT TIMES PETECHIAL OR ECCHYMOTIC HAEMORRHAGES ON
THE MUCOSAL SURFACE.
- OCCASIONALLY HAEMORRHAGES ARE OBSERVED IN THE MUCOSA
AT THE JUNCTION OF THE PROVENTRICULUS AND GIZZARD.
Swollen Bursa fabricius
with haemorrhages
Cut open bursa with hemorrhages
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANAGES:
- BURSA :- DEGENERATION AND NECROSIS OF LYMPHOCYTES IN
THE MEDULLARY AREAS, THY ARE REPLACED BY HETEROPHILS, SEVERE
INTER FOLLICULAR OEDEMA WITH ACCUMULATION OF HETEROPHILS
AND HYPEREMIA WITH CYSTIC FOLLICIES.
DIAGNOSIS : 1. SYMPTOMS AND LESIONS
- DETECTION OF ANTIBODIES
- VIRUS ISOLATION
PREVENTION AND CONTROL :
- NO THERAPEUTIC OR SUPPORITVE TREATMENT HAS BEEN FOUND
TO CHANGES THE COURSE OF IBO VIRUS
- IMMUNIZATION IS THE PRINCIPAL METHOD USED FOR THE CONTROL
OF IBD IN CHICKENS.
- SRAY WITH KHORSOLIN-TH. @ 1 TO 3% LEVELS DEPENDING ON
THE SEVERITY OF INFECTION.
|